Abstract
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva, also known as FOP, is a rare disease that involves the muscles, bones and connective tissue of the human body. A person with this disease experiences connective tissue and muscle ossification. Tendons and ligaments ossify and turn to bone which can lead to impaired function and restriction with movement. Since the connective tissue in FOP patients can ossify due to an injury to a specific area, injuries for people with FOP are often at risk for developing further complications. Although it is rare, there are some manifestations that are useful in diagnosing someone who may have FOP. A clinician who sees a patient with fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva will notice enlarged big toes. Patients with this disease may experience malnourishment as the joints around the mouth begin to ossify, making it more difficult for the patient to eat and speak. Viral illnesses are also a catalyst in new bone growth and can cause swelling of the muscle and inflammation. FOP can be inherited, but is more often caused by a gene mutation. Corticosteriods, NSAIDS, and muscle relaxers are known to help lower inflammation and flare-ups. Although there is no treatment for this disease, medications and treatment for inflammation are some steps clinicians and patients can take to make the patient feel more comfortable.
