Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is a Gram-negative rod shaped bacteria. It is citrate and oxidase positive, this bacteria is widely distributed in environment such as water, soil, and plant. It survives at low oxygen levels, pseudomonas aeruginosa cause infections in plants, humans and animals, pseudomonas aeruginosa is a multidrug resistant bacteria, due to its naturally present antibiotic resistance mechanisms and Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause nosocomial infection, such as sepsis and ventilator associated pneumonia (Cosson et al., 2002).
1.6.1 PATHOGENESIS
Pre-exposed diseases such as traumatic burns, pneumonia with that they cause serious infection in immunocompromised individuals. They can cause infections in any part of the body, Symptoms depends on which part of the body is infected (Lee et al., 2006). Pneumonia cause by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and symptoms include large amount of sputum producing, difficulty in breathing, fever and chill (Brewer, Wunderink, Jones, & Leeper, 1996).
Pseudomonas aeruginosa can cause folliculitis (inflammation of hair follicles and symptoms may include abscess formation in the skin, redness of skin and draining of wound (Gustafson, Band, Hutcheson Jr, & Schaffner, 1983).
Pseudomonas aeruginosa cause swimmer ear, (external ear canal infection), and symptoms may include, itching inside the ear, discharge from the ear, swelling, difficulty in hearing (B. E. Hirsch, 1992).
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections can spread directly via direct contact of infected one or by the equipment, which is not properly cleaned. These infections are considered as opportunistic infections, it targets those persons whose immune system weak, some conditions are listed below, that may increase the risk of infection of HIV or AIDS, Burn wards, during chemotherapy and invasive procedure (Harris, Smith, Johnson, Bradham, & Roghmann, 2002),
Infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa can be prevented, by following personal protective equipment, for healthcare staff, follow proper hand washing procedure, and cleaning of equipment in hospital can help prevent infection, avoid swimming pools that are poorly maintain (Valerius, Koch, & Hoiby, 1991).
